Cotyledon flanaganii Terrarium Caresheet
Cotyledon flanaganii, also known as the "Flanagan’s Cotyledon," is a unique, small succulent native to South Africa. It has thick, tubular, slightly curved leaves covered with a fine, powdery coating, giving it a silvery appearance. This slow-growing succulent is perfect for a terrarium, especially an open or low-humidity environment where it can thrive with minimal water and plenty of light.
Care Guidelines
1. Lighting
Preferred Light: Cotyledon flanaganii requires bright, direct sunlight to thrive. In a terrarium, place it in a location where it receives as much natural light as possible. It can also tolerate bright, indirect light but grows best with plenty of direct exposure.
Supplementing: If natural light is insufficient, use a grow light for about 8-12 hours per day to maintain healthy growth. Avoid placing the plant in areas of low light, as it may become leggy.
2. Humidity
Ideal Humidity: Low humidity (30-50%) is ideal for Cotyledon flanaganii. As a succulent, it prefers dry air and may suffer if exposed to high humidity levels for prolonged periods. Use an open terrarium or one with excellent airflow to keep humidity in check.
Ventilation: Ensure good ventilation to prevent moisture buildup, which can lead to rot or fungal issues. A slightly open terrarium or one with vents will help keep humidity down.
3. Temperature
Optimal Range: 18°C to 28°C (65°F to 82°F) is ideal. Cotyledon flanaganii prefers warm conditions and can tolerate some higher temperatures, but it should be protected from frost and cold drafts.
Temperature Considerations: Keep the terrarium in a stable, warm environment away from cold windowsills or air conditioning units that might expose the plant to cool drafts.
4. Watering
Watering Frequency: Water sparingly, as Cotyledon flanaganii is drought-tolerant. Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering can quickly lead to root rot, especially in the confined space of a terrarium.
How to Water: Use a syringe or spray bottle to water around the base of the plant. Be careful not to overwater or let water accumulate at the bottom of the terrarium. In winter, reduce watering even further when the plant is dormant.
5. Soil
Soil Mix: Use a fast-draining, gritty soil mix designed for succulents and cacti. A mixture of cactus soil with added sand or perlite works well to prevent water retention.
Terrarium Layering: Add a layer of small rocks or activated charcoal at the bottom of the terrarium to improve drainage and prevent root rot from standing water.
6. Fertilizing
Frequency: Fertilize lightly during the growing season (spring and summer) using a diluted cactus or succulent fertilizer once every 4-6 weeks. Avoid fertilizing in winter, as the plant will enter dormancy and not need extra nutrients.
Terrarium Note: Use a half-strength fertilizer, as nutrients can accumulate quickly in the enclosed environment of a terrarium.
7. Dormancy
Dormant Period: During the cooler months (fall and winter), Cotyledon flanaganii enters a period of dormancy, during which growth slows down. Water sparingly and stop fertilizing during this time.
Handling Dormancy: Keep the plant in a cooler, bright spot, but reduce watering significantly. The plant will not require as much moisture and can tolerate being left mostly dry through the winter.
8. Pruning
Trimming Dead Leaves: As the plant grows, it may develop older leaves that dry up or fall off. Trim these dead leaves to keep the plant tidy and promote healthy new growth.
Shaping: While Cotyledon flanaganii maintains a compact shape, it can be pruned if it becomes leggy. Cut back elongated stems to encourage more compact growth.
9. Pests
Potential Issues: Like most succulents, Cotyledon flanaganii is resistant to pests but can occasionally be affected by mealybugs or aphids. Regularly inspect the plant, and if pests are found, treat with neem oil or a mild insecticidal soap.
Fungal Issues: Overwatering or high humidity can lead to fungal problems or rot. Ensure proper airflow and allow the soil to dry between waterings to prevent fungal issues.
10. Growth
Slow Grower: Cotyledon flanaganii grows slowly, forming small rosettes that stay compact, making it an excellent plant for terrariums. Over time, it may produce offsets (pups) that can be propagated.
Re-potting: If the plant outgrows its space in the terrarium or begins to crowd with offsets, it can be carefully transplanted into a larger container or terrarium.
Conclusion
Cotyledon flanaganii is a low-maintenance, slow-growing succulent perfect for an open or low-humidity terrarium. Its silvery, tubular leaves and compact shape make it an attractive addition to succulent displays. With minimal watering, bright light, and good airflow, this hardy plant will thrive and add an interesting texture to your terrarium for years.